The Blue Spider Project Essay Sample free essay sample

The Blue Spider Project is an illustration of how a undertaking director falsely balanced the staff and work. ensuing in a hapless public presentation from a undertaking. We see that Parks Corporation command to be portion of a authorities contract and it shows jobs with communicating from the start. Undertakings can neglect for a figure of grounds. including hapless rating of cost and deadlines. unequal administration of resources – this is made worse when undertaking appraisal is uncomplete before the undertaking starts and deficiency of communicating between sections one time a undertaking has begun. Human resource direction can besides do major jobs in the event of industrial action or inability to enroll suited staff. It is of import to observe the deficiency of communicating with the undertaking director and research staff that developed a new stuff without the consent or cognition of the undertaking director in order to halt the client from detecting the usage of their support. We will write a custom essay sample on The Blue Spider Project Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the client was made aware of the new stuff it so felt the state of affairs had non been decently reported and the client began to demand more information from the developer. Early jobs led to rescheduling being required. nevertheless the undertaking director did non pass on this to the fabrication section until subsequently as he had been extremely involved in the work. Delaies and deficiency of describing from the undertaking director led to the demanding extra meeting and certification. The undertaking director felt responsible for development work and did non desire to give his staff extra disposal work so tested to make both himself. Finally this led to that all petition to other sections holding to be send through departmental caputs. As the project’s alteration of failure increased. no 1 wanted to be associated with the undertaking and cardinal staff was lost to other undertakings. The terminal consequence saw the company acquiring the contract nevertheless the und ertaking director received no thanks due to direction retrieving the jobs incurred earlier in the undertaking. Success can merely be achieved through a good balance and relationship between staff – communicating between sections and clients is critical for undertakings as planned. Problems that can be identified in the Blue Spider Project are as follows:†¢ The axial rotation of the Project Office†¢ Project Management Skills†¢ Team choice procedure†¢ Communication interrupt down†¢ Budget control†¢ Risk Management†¢ Measurement There was besides a deficiency of support from top direction. If we look at the jobs which were identified and prevent the same errors in future. we can forestall that future undertakings fail. 2. Situation Analysis PARKS CORPORATION ( ORGANISATIONAL BACKGROUND ) 1. The Parks Corporation grew in major electronics and Design Corporation during roar of late fiftiess and early sixtiess due to generous DOD ( Department of Defence ) contracts. It grew little technology concern to major DOD sub-contractor with  ±6500 employees. 2. Due to recession in late sixtiess contracts got fewer and major lay-offs resulted in cutback to  ±2200 employees. Parks Corporation decided to go forth R A ; D concern and to vie as a low-priced production installation. keeping an technology organisation entirely to back up production. 3. Along with this alteration in corporate scheme. it was decided to follow a matrix-type administration. This could be depicted as follows ( in the instance of the Blue Spider undertaking ) : 4. In 1978 Parks Corporation decided to alter its corporate scheme because of: a. An addition in DOD disbursement.B. New rating standards for presenting contractsc. Phase had the border on being awarded the production contract. d. Parks Corporation’s employees had increased to  ±2700. largely in technology staff. However. due to the little wages offered by Parks Corporation. experient staff was scarce and largely inexperienced. younger applied scientists merely out of college were being recruited. e. In January 1978 Parks Corporation decided to vie for Phase 1 of the Blue Spider Project. The Blue Spider Project would be an R A ; D attempt that could take into a $ 500 million plan spread over 20 old ages. 5. Technical specifications stated that all constituents must be able to run usually and successfully through a temperature scope of –65 ( Fahrenheit to 145 ( Fahrenheit. Current proving indicated the Parks Corporation’s design would non work above 130 ( Fahrenheit. 6. Parks Corporation unethically stated in their proposal that they expect their design to be operative up to155 ( Fahrenheit. 7. On 10 February. Parks Corporation was awarded a firm-fixed monetary value contract for $ 2. 2 million with a fixed period of 10 months for bringing. LORD INDUSTRIES ( THE CORPORATE CLIENT CONTEXT ) Lord Industries was the premier contractor for the US Army’s Spartan Missile plan. Parks Corporation would be the sub-contractor to Lord Industries if Parks Corporation made a successful command. Parks Corporation felt confident of an advantage. as they had worked successfully for Lord Industries in the yesteryear. THE US ARMY ( THE CLIENT BACKGROUND ) The US Army used a Spartan Missile. a short-range. tactical missile. The Spartan Missile had already been in usage for six old ages and fatigue failure was going apparent. This failure was happening three old ages in front of outlooks and sooner than the design specifications had stipulated. The US Army wanted new stuffs that could widen the age-life of the Spartan Missile. An Request for Proposal was issued ( received by Parks Corporation ) on 2 December 1977. The proficient specifications stated that all constituents must run usually and successfully through a temperature scope of –65  ° Fahrenheit to 145  ° Fahrenheit. 2. PROBLEM ASSESSMENT A ; RECOMMENDATIONS I. THE ROLL OF THE PROJECT OFFICE The undertaking squad is a combination of the undertaking office and employees. Although the figure identifies the undertaking office forces as helper undertaking directors. some employees may non hold any such rubric. The advantage of such a rubric is that it entitles the employee to talk straight to the client. Undertaking TeamThe freshly appointed Project Manager. Gary. did non understand the of import function of the Project Office. He knew that he had to fix for his meetings with Godheads and in position of acquiring the Project Office involved he tried to make this on his ain. The chief duties of the Project Office is: ? Acting as the focal point of information for both in-house control and client coverage. ? Controlling clip. cost and public presentation to adhere to contractual demands. ? Guaranting that all work required is documented and distributed to all cardinal forces. ? Guaranting that all work performed is both authorised and funded by contractual certification. On big undertakings. and even on some smaller attempts. it is frequently impossible to accomplish undertaking success without for good assigned forces. The four major activities of the undertaking office indicate the demand for utilizing full-time people: ? Integration of activities. ? In-house and out-of-house communicating.? Scheduling with hazard and uncertainness.? Effective control.These four activities require uninterrupted monitoring by trained undertaking forces. The preparation of good undertaking office members may take hebdomads or even months. and can widen beyond the clip allocated for a undertaking. Because cardinal forces are ever in demand. undertaking directors should inquire themselves one polar inquiry when trying to staff the undertaking office: Are at that place any undertakings downstream that could do me to lose cardinal members of my squad? Plan directors would wish nil better than to hold all of their cardinal forces assigned full-time for the continuance of the plan. Unfortunately. this is unwanted. if non impossible. for many undertakings because: ? Skills required by the undertaking vary well as the undertaking matures through each of its life-cycle stages. ? Constructing up big for good assign undertaking offices for each undertaking necessarily causes duplicate of certain accomplishments. carrying of people who are non needed on a full-time footing or for a long period. and forces troubles in reassignment. ? The undertaking director may be diverted from his primary undertaking and go the undertaking applied scientist. for illustration. in add-on to his responsibilities of supervising. disposal. and covering with the forces jobs of a big office instead than concentrating on pull offing all facets of the undertaking itself. ? Professionally trained people frequently prefer to work within a group devoted to their professional country. with lasting direction holding makings in the same field. instead than going isolated from their forte equals by being assigned to a undertaking staff. ? Undertakings are capable to sudden displacements in precedence or even to cancellation. and fulltime members of a undertaking office are therefore exposed to potentially serious menaces to their occupation security ; this frequently causes reluctance on the portion of some people to accept a undertaking assignment. All of these factors favour maintaining the full-time undertaking office every bit little as possible and dependent on established functional sections and specialised staff. The attack places great accent on the planning and control processs used on the undertaking. If Elliot did made usage of all the above duties of a Project Office. many of the jobs would non hold occurred. II PROJECT MANAGEMENT SKILLS Through the usage of criterion undertaking direction techniques. the undertaking squad can utilize old undertaking cognition to assist steer and help the planning of future undertakings and to larn from successes and errors. Analysis can be undertaken to better on identified common debatable countries within a specific undertaking type. Resources can be controlled better with good undertaking direction and staff traveling into a new undertaking has familiar certification to steer them in the undertaking. This will besides let a greater overview of undertaking advancement to directors and clients. any jobs should be able to be easy identified and rectified. These techniques besides allow range for client alteration and supply clear indicants of contractual. clip and payment changes as a consequence of any alterations. The duty of a Project director was neer clearly defined with Gary and this was the cause of a batch of errors which was made on the undertaking. Henry should hold cleared the following with Gary: ? Standardise undertaking direction: All company undertakings will managed in the same manner from command and planning to bringing of consequence. It is of import that staff ( including direction ) should be able to travel between undertakings and be presented with familiar certification and techniques. ? Attempt to place and pull off hazards: By turn uping hazards early it should be possible to avoid undertaking failure by developing schemes to manage hazards. ? Ensure all undertakings finish on clip: Contracts with clients contain deadlines consequences in punishments and presents a bad image of the company’s organizational accomplishments. ? All undertakings should stay within budget: Staying within the specified budget is perfectly critical. because the bulk of this companyâ€⠄¢s contracts are fixed monetary value. hence budget overruns cut down net income from the work. ? Directors should be able to implement alterations where jobs are identified. ? The consequence of all undertakings should be successful and satisfy the customer’s demands: Supplying the client with their demands is critical to both future contract possible and to client and worker satisfaction. Successful undertakings give our workers a sense that they have achieved something and raise morale. When the Director of technology. Henry Gable. appointed Gary as the Project director. it was based strictly on Gary’s technology accomplishments and research background. Henry besides looked at Gary’s age. Harmonizing to Henry the chief qualities of a good Undertaking director was a good communicator. in authorship and orally. a incentive and willing to give up everything to guarantee the successful completion of a undertaking. Henry admitted to holding an subterranean ground. holding Gary on his undertaking would give him the confidence that public presentation would be Gary’s first precedence. Gary has a immense job with clip and cost. The bing Undertaking directors were concerned about these two factors. Gary thought that a MBA grade was plenty and that he does non necessitate any other accomplishments to go a successful Undertaking director. They should hold instead discussed the undermentioned accomplishments: ? Strong leading ability? Ability to develop people? Excellent communicating accomplishments? Good interpersonal accomplishments? Ability to forestall and manage emphasis? Problem resolution accomplishments? Time direction accomplishments Gary felt responsible for the success of the full undertaking and did everything on his ain. Deputation is really of import and this gives other squad members the duty to finish the undertaking successful. To give other squad members the authorization to do their ain determinations make them accountable and responsible to accomplish the set ends. III TEAM SELECTION PROCESS Staffing the undertaking organisation can go a long and boring attempt. particularly on big and complex undertaking such as the Blue Spider Project. Three major inquiries must be answered: ? What people resources are required? ? Where will the people come from What type of project organisational construction will be best? Gary realized to roll up a good undertaking squad was easier said than done. Other directors were non willing to reassign their good people to help Gary with the Blue Spider Project. Every Project Manager wants to do a success of their ain undertaking and they need all the competent people on their squad. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours Gary have to name in the aid of Henry to organize a squad to work on the Blue Spider Project. The subsidiaries can do the superior expression good in the public presentation of his responsibilities. The chief attempt put away by the undertaking director is to actuate his subsidiaries towards undertaking dedication and to do them to the full understand that: †¢ Teamwork is critical for success. †¢ Esprit de corps contributes to success.†¢ Conflicts can happen between undertaking and functional grades. †¢ Communication is indispensable for success.†¢ Unsuccessful public presentation may ensue in transportation or dismissal from the undertaking every bit good as disciplinary action. †¢ Conflicting orders may be given by the:O Project directoro Functional directoro Upper-level director.When staffing a undertaking the staffing forms alterations as the undertaking runs its life rhythm. Equally shortly as a undertaking enters into different stages. the flow of resources alterations. Staffing Pattern over Project Life Cycle Effective undertaking communicating ensures the right information to the right individual at the right clip. in a cost-efficient mode. Proper communicating is critical to the success of a undertaking and typical definitions of effectual communicating include: †¢ An exchange of information †¢ An act or case of conveying information†¢ A verbal or written message†¢ A technique for showing thoughts efficaciously†¢ A procedure by which significances are exchanged between persons through a common system of symbols. Unfortunately there was a deficiency of communicating in the Blue Spider Project. Gary on the one manus and the research staff which developed the new stuff on the other manus did non pass on at all. Because of a deficiency ofcommunicating. Godheads started to inquire inquiries sing the information which was supplied to them by Gary. Gary started to make some proving on his ain alternatively of go forthing it to the research squad which was the capable affair experts. By making this he neglected to execute al his other undertaking directors maps such as communicating and to set up meetings between all stakeholders. Proper and regular communicating by the undertaking director is critical for undertaking success. If Gary sticks with the following typical functional applications. a batch of the jobs would non hold occurred: ? Supplying project way ? Decision devising? Authorizing work? Directing activities? Negociating? Reporting ( including briefings )? Attending meetings? Overall undertaking direction? Marketing and merchandising? Public dealingss? Records directionO MinutessO Memos/letters/newslettersO Reportso SpecificationsO Contract paperss Undertaking directors are required to supply briefings for both internal and external clients. Communications direction is the formal or informal procedure of carry oning or oversing the exchange of information either upwards. downwards. laterally or diagonally. There appears to be a direct correlativity between the undertaking manager’s ability to pull off the communications procedure and undertaking public presentation. The communications procedure is more than merely conveying a message ; it is besides a beginning of control. Communication must convey both information and motive. The job. therefore. is how to pass on. Below are six simple stairss which Gary could hold been utilizing to execute better communicating methods: ? Think through what wish to carry through. ? Determine the manner you will pass on.? Appeal to the involvement of those affected.? Give playback on ways others communicate to you.? Get playback on what you communicate.? Test effectivity through trust on others to transport out your instructions. The line trough don’t have the full image and make non speak to clients. whereby the Project Manager is situated in the center and could more efficaciously see the bigger image and so talk to the clients. V. BUDGET CONTROL The Blue Spider Project was delivered on clip. This is unluckily non the lone thing that counts. The Undertaking was non within budget. Budget is one of the most of import facets of Project Management to extinguish cost overproductions. The undertaking budgeting process involves two stairss. First. the undertaking cost estimation is allocated to the assorted work bundles in the undertaking work breakdown construction. Second. the budget for each work bundle is distributed over the continuance of the work bundle so that it’s possible to find how much of its budget should hold been spend at any point of clip. Cost planning starts during conceptualization stage. The cost may include some of the undermentioned elements: ? Labour – This part gives the estimated costs for the assorted categorizations of people who are expected to work on the undertaking. It might include the estimated hours and hourly rate for each individual or categorization. ? Materials – This part gives the cost of stuffs the contractor or undertaking squad needs to buy for the undertaking. ? Overheads – The ability to command plan costs involves more than tracking labour dollars and labor hours ; operating expenses. one of the biggest concerns. must besides be tracked. ? Technology – The plan director must ever bear in head that engineering can alter and so extra budget is needed for new engineering. ? Subcontractors and Consultants – When contractors or undertaking squads do non hold the expertness or resources to make certain undertakings undertakings. they may engage subcontractors or advisers to execute those undertakings. ? Equipment and installations rental – Sometimes the contracto r may necessitate particular equipment. tools. or installations entirely for the undertaking. The equipment may be excessively expensive to buy if it’s traveling to be used on merely one or two undertakings. In such instances. the contractor may make up ones mind to lease the equipment for the period needed on the undertaking. ? Subsistence and Travel – If travel ( other than local travel ) is required during the undertaking. the cost for travel ( such as air menu ) . hotel suites. and repasts need to be included. Cost estimations should be aggressive yet realistic. They should non be to a great extent â€Å"loaded† that they include eventuality financess for every imaginable thing that might come up or travel incorrect. If cost estimations are excessively conservative. the entire estimated cost for the undertaking is likely to be more than the client is willing to pay – and higher than that of viing contractors. On the other manus. if cost estimations are excessively optimistic and some unexpected outgos arise. the contractor is likely to either lose money ( on a fix-price contract ) or have to endure the embarrassment of traveling back to the client to bespeak extra financess to cover cost overproductions. To apportion the entire budget cost two attacks can be used to set up the cost for each work bundle: 1. Top–down2. Bottom-up To guarantee that the existent cost of the undertaking does non transcend the budget cost the two should be compared on a regular footing. To track the existent costs set up a system to roll up informations on financess really expended per work bundle. Entire the existent cost expended at a particular scheduled clip for comparing to the CBC ( Cumulative Budget Cost ) . this could find the CAC ( Cumulative Actual Cost ) . To guarantee rigorous cost command the undermentioned stairss should be in topographic point: ? Analyse cost public presentation on a regular timely footing.? Identify cost discrepancy and inefficiencies early.? Analyse cost public presentation to find which work bundles may necessitate disciplinary action. make up ones mind what action to be taken and revise the undertaking program. If Gary did use all of the above budgeting rules of undertaking direction. his Blue Spider Project would hold been completed within budget and that there could be a possibility that the undertaking could hold show net income. The budget control procedure was missing in Gary’s undertaking. PERFORMANCE QUALITY VI. RISK MANAGEMENT If a undertaking is to be planned carefully and the programs executed expeditiously. it is of import that hazard appraisal and hence hazard direction is included. If the undertaking director have some thought of possible hazards involved and cognize how likely it is that a job will happen. he should be able to supply frontward be aftering for such hazards and apportion appropriate resources in progress when necessary. A hazard can be said to be a possible cause of loss of clip and/or money. hence a hazard that has come can be defined as a job. In the Blue Spider Project. it was known that the stuff Parks Corporation already had. was non capable of run intoing the specification of the client nevertheless it was claimed it did in order to obtain the contract – this hazard was known good in progress nevertheless no eventuality program was implemented by the undertaking director in the event that the stuff could non be made to specification. Some research undertaken without the undertaking manager’s cognition resulted in another stuff being developed – this caused jobs with the client – desiring to cognize who had paid for this research and why the initial research claimed the bing stuff to be up to specification. Development and research into run intoing the specification caused the undertaking to run behind from the beginning. as this hazard was known approximately but no n managed right ; it developed into a major job. ( Even the concluding stuff used was discovered non to run into the customer’s demands in that its life anticipation was underrated harmonizing to the specification ) . Clearly expecting hazards and be aftering to manage jobs is critical to a successful undertaking. Obviously a hazard depends on the possible loss as a consequence of the hazard and the opportunity of it go oning. Documenting hazards and possible solutions every bit good as apportioning resources should assist to minimise loss due to the job happening. Senior direction can besides look at hazard direction programs when apportioning resources to a undertaking and will be able to see the expectancy of hazards if a job in the undertaking does happen. By doing it clear that hazard analysis has been performed. senior direction are less likely to fault the undertaking director for any jobs that do happen if the hazard was identified and stairss taken to cut down it hold been made. Whilst hazard appraisal does take clip to discourse and implement in initial phases. it can assist salvage the undertaking from entire failure or major loss in either clip or cost. Risk appraisal should be started at the clip of command for a occupation to assist guarantee no ‘surprises’ are encountered during the undertaking. This will affect measuring agendas. costs. and resources. proficient and contractual inside informations. The impact of each hazard should be noted in footings of cost or clip and the likeliness of it happening. The undertaking director should so measure which hazards are the most unsafe to the undertaking as described below. Once hazards have been evaluated schemes to manage the hazards most unsafe to the undertaking should be developed and their consequence evaluated as described subsequently. Measuring Hazards The company recommended manner of ciphering which hazards are the most unsafe to the undertaking and hence require more control. A tabular array should be drawn up that shows hazards compared between high. medium and low hazard points. The hazards should be worked out in footings of opportunity and cost. Opportunity The graduated tables for apportioning high. medium and low hazards are project dependent. Once completed. it’s of import to develop hazard direction techniques get downing with high opportunity and high cost hazards foremost. Hazard Handling Schemes The followers are all valid hazard direction schemes ; nevertheless the schemes implemented by the undertaking director should be relevant to the danger and likeliness of the hazard. †¢ CredenceThis recognizes the hazard without any action. presuming that the cost benefit will outweigh any losingss by the hazard †¢ AvoidanceThis takes a different class of action in the undertaking to avoid the hazard – this could hold clip or cost deductions. for illustration it might be found a possible hazard and hence a hold in portion of the undertaking could ensue in other parts being held up. by rescheduling this may be avoided. †¢ Eventuality This scheme arranges for extra resources to be available in the event if the hazard does happen. this has fiscal deductions. particularly if the hazard does non happen in which instance resources may hold been booked and paid for. but non used. If there is a hazard. the undertaking may run behind agenda. Manufacturing staff should be on standby or be prepared to work over clip. †¢ Prevention Prevention reduces the opportunity of a hazard happening. this could nevertheless affect fiscal investing if for illustration the hazard could be reduced by buying new fabrication machinery. if for illustration it may be deemed that current equipment may non be sufficiently accurate. non operational or high care. †¢ Decrease If possible. the impact of the hazard may be reduced. in the illustration of losing a member of staff. holding them compose down everything could cut down the impact of this hazard. †¢ TransportationAny portion of the undertaking that provides a hazard may be transferred to a 3rd party who may be able to cover with the hazard more efficaciously – this may non extinguish the hazard. but a 3rd party may already hold the solution to a hazard facet of a undertaking. Once the hazard direction scheme has been developed and agreed upon. it is necessary to cipher how effectual the scheme is in footings of cost to implement. VII. MEASUREMENT Measurement of undertaking advancement is required. Both clients and senior direction may bespeak measuring techniques to be implemented. normally this is to measure the advancement of the undertaking and should be used by the undertaking director to make this identifying undertaking overruns rapidly. Large contracts are frequently partly collectible upon completion of set sums of work as detailed in the contract. In instances such as this. the client will normally province a set manner in which they wish the undertaking advancement to be measured which the undertaking director must lodge to. A work dislocation construction will better proper undertaking procedure control because of measuring as faculties of work are specified on it. By supervising the advancement in each of these faculties of work. an overall feeling about the advancement of the undertaking can be obtained every bit good as that of each subdivision. Numeric methods allow graphs and statistical analysis to execute on advancement. Actual work done on graphs will give a clear. speedy and ocular feeling of the project’s advancement. If good techniques are used for measuring. the undertaking director should besides be able to rapidly place countries where work may be behind agenda and act rapidly to avoid the job spiraling. It should be possible for the undertaking director to supervise and accommodate programs and resource allotment as necessary. The undertaking director or client contract make up ones mind on the measuring techniques that are actively pursued in their undertaking for the grounds mentioned above. At no phase through out the undertaking Gary took any measuring of the province of the undertaking. If any measurement rules were applied. Gary would hold saved himself a batch of clip and cost. 4. Decision By utilizing the guidelines detailed within this papers. Park’s Corporation should be able to run better. more efficient undertakings with fewer jobs. The flexibleness of staff will be improved and communicating between undertakings and sections will be better as staff will be familiar with the standard certification from other sections. Undertaking programs will enable better managing of functional sections and to guarantee all undertakings are provided with the resources when they require them. The hereafter of the company should be brighter through the execution of these guidelines in all undertaking countries – gauging costs and resource allotment should go more accurate as undertaking directors will be able to utilize cognition from old undertakings to assist develop the hereafter. from the usage of existent and estimated costs in gauging new undertakings to expecting possible jobs and work outing them or cut downing their consequence before they damage a projectâ €™s advancement. Senior direction within the company will besides be able to analyse undertakings both whilst running to guarantee everything appears to be on mark and afterwards when compared to old similar undertakings. By utilizing this cognition. the company should be able to look into why this consistently occurs even though new values are taken from old undertaking experience and effort to better farther the appraisal process to do them more accurate and work out any implicit in jobs. The hereafter of Parks Corporation depends on bettering the service the company presently provides to clients. net income borders should be increased every bit good as industry assurance increased with the hope of future contract aggregation. By bettering direction techniques. Parks Corporation should be able to accomplish this. 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Steyn Pieter. G. Project Management: Leading. Making. Execution and Improving. 2. Gido Jack A ; Clements James. P. Successful Project Management. Second Edition. 3. Kerzner Harold. Project Management. A System Approach to Planning. 4. Lockyer K A ; Gordan J. 1996. Project Management. 5. Killian William. P. 1971. Project Management – Future Organizational Concept. 6. Roberts J. 2007. Project Management

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Can china solve Taiwan problem using one country under two policy Research Paper

Can china solve Taiwan problem using one country under two policy - Research Paper Example Furthermore, I would also discuss various factors that contribute to the conflict between China and Taiwan. â€Å"China cannot gain Taiwan by force before the end of this decade.† (McCready, 8) Basically, the research paper examined if China can solve the dispute with Taiwan using one country under two policies. However, many questions still arise regarding this conflict if China would give up on Taiwan and let them enjoy their sovereignty? Why is United States not supporting China considering their recent super power status? Why does the Nationalist Party want to rejoin the People’s Republic of China? Nevertheless, the independent state of Taiwan in the eyes of China or Taiwan merging with China once again seems like a never ending conflict. It is said that Taiwan â€Å"Should pass the point of no return in asserting its independence and end the prospect of rejoining mother China.† (Tsang, 10) The government of Taiwan has multitude of reasons for not merging bac k and not giving up their independence from China. Taiwan has the right to enjoy its freedom and to prosper, thus depriving them of their rights is no excuse. China and Taiwan hold a very dainty and fragile relationship with each other. â€Å"China, Taiwan, the United States, and Japan have national interests in how the conflict is resolved, and these interests will be difficult to reconcile.† (McCready, 5) Therefore, China should end their efforts and give up on Taiwan as the Taiwanese currently are very happy with their independent state both personally and economically. As the time passes on, these conflicts will cool down. To sum it up in the most effective manner, Taiwanese are satisfied with their present state so there is no room for negotiations in this regard. At some point, China will show maturity and leave Taiwan so that they can enjoy their freedom. Also, the number of people visiting Taiwan from China has also tremendously increased with the passage of time and Taiwan has wholeheartedly increased its quota for Chinese visitors. Hence in a nutshell, Taiwan is quite happy with their independent state and they are economically stable and happy as well, which leaves China in no condition to negotiate merging them back with China, although it is said that the economical relations between Taiwan and China are quite stable and they are active trade partners. In my opinion China cannot solve this China-Taiwan conflict by using a single country under two policies. Prospectus Template:   1) My research topic: I had to analyze that whether China can solve Taiwan problem using one country under two policies. 2) I have learned the following:  I have learnt through my research that China and Taiwan have been in the state of unrest since Taiwan separated from China. I have to consider the factors that contribute to the conflict and what else needs to be done in order to overcome the conflict. 3) These observations lead me to ask the following questio ns:   Whether China would give up on Taiwan and let it enjoy their sovereignty? Will this conflict ever end? Why is the United States not supporting China, considering their recent super power status? Why does the Nationalist Party want to rejoin the People’s Republic of China? 4) This question has several plausible answers: Many factors contribute to the conflict, thus, there are numerous reasons. Some believe that the conflict will carry on, while others are optimistic about the

Negative Impact Of Playing Video Games Media Essay

Negative Impact Of Playing Video Games Media Essay Information Technology also known as I.T , refers to anything that related to computer technology , such as the internet , networking , hardware , software , or peoples that work with this technology . Research from UCLAs Higher Education Research Institute provide useful informations about the usage of video games on college campuses . These data shows that most of the college students play videos games regularly , and a small percentage use them as a primary means of entertainment and leisure . In the 2009 Freshman Survey, around 1% of respondents admitted to playing over 20 hours of videogames per week. Over 35% of the respondents stated that they play at least one hour per week. Computer games can have impact on teenagers , especially for those who spent hours after hours playing them. Games that played with a team can helps to reinforce concept of the effectiveness of teamwork . However , video games may have negative effects too . For my opinion , video games will definitely affect us as a college students . 3.1 Negative impact of playing video games Alertness Teenagers that do not have their video games playing time limit by their parents might find themselves playing until late at the night . This can result in a loss of sleep and a decrease in alertness in school. A decrease in alertness and focus at school can result in lower academic performance. HEALTH PROBLEMS If teenagers spent all of their free time playing video games, skipping meals or lose sleep because of their game play, it can negatively impact their health. The Mayo Clinic notes that teenagers who spent more than 2 hours a day in front of a television or computers might suffer from their childhood obesity. In addition, the University of Texas at Dallas also notes that the addiction can leads to medical issues , such as backaches, headaches, eyestrain and carpal tunnel syndrome pain and numbness that they might feel in their wrists, hands, shoulders and elbows. Death There are already few cases of death had been reported in the press . All linked to excessive play of video games. In the year of 2002 , a young man was found dead in the toilet of a cybercafe in Kwanju, South Korea . He was said to be previously glued to a computer, deprived of proper nutrition and sleep , also earlier in the same year, a mother in Louisiana sued Nintendo who caused her son suffered from seizures and consequently death. The report shows that he had play an average of 48 hours per week. POOR PERFORMANCE Long hours in playing video games can negatively affect teenagers performance in their school or at work if they are preoccupied with their video games or failing to work at their optimum level because they are exhausted from a late night of playing video games . The Mayo Clinic notes that teenagers who devotes more than two hours a day to television or video games might have the troubles of falling asleep, have problems paying attention than teenagers who dont spent as much time in front of the computer and video games . PREOCCUPATION Video games addiction can be harmful if teenagers are unable to participate in any outdoor activities rather than gaming . The On-Line Gamers Anonymous website notes that it may be a sign of an addiction if teenagers are constantly thinking about their next video game , devising ways just to get back to the game, abandoning former hobbies that dont related to the video games or declining social events with personal interaction because they are spending too much time on discussing the video games through the Internet. 3.2 Tips on managing teenagers media consumption Because of the popularity of video games, it can completely eliminating them from teenagers life might be difficult. But there are also few ways that can decrease the negative impact that they have on the teenagers . Know the rating of the video games that the teenagers are playing . Never install any video games equipment if necessary . Always set a limit on how often and how long teenagers is allowed to play video games. Take the time to discuss with the teenagers about the games they are playing or other media they are watching. Ask them how do they feel about and what they observe in these video games . This is an opportunity to share your feelings and grow closer with the teenagers . It is vital for teenagers to spend their time on both indoor and outdoor activities . Excessive time spent on video games may curb some outdoor activities among some of the teenagers. We might not want them to be game addicts at the cost of active outdoor pastimes. It is the responsibility of the elders to encourage teenagers to participate in outdoor activities as well, rather than sticking to the video games for all day long. Being able to monitor and control the amount of time that the teenagers spent on video games is the key to restrict the negative impacts of video games. Make sure to expose them to the right games with limited time log to benefit from this fun filled activity. 2.0 Define Peer Pressure In every day of a teenagers life , they get to experienced peer pressure in their school and the environment among them . Peer pressure means that friends trying to persuade you for doing something that you dont want to do . But maybe you want to do it and you dont have the courage and your friends talks you into it . Much research had shown that peer pressure had a much greater impact in adolescent behavior than any other factor . Try to think about it , teenagers nowadays spent most of their time with peers and family members , so the interaction is direct and much more powerful than the influences of the teachers and others authority figures . 2.1 Peer pressure risk factors : Teenagers with low self esteem Teenagers with low confidence Feeling isolate from friends or families Poor academic performance Without personal interest Peer pressure can be divided into 2 types :- Good Peer Pressure Good peer pressure can be a situation that your friends try to convince you not to do something that youre going to do because it maybe not your best interest . Good pressure is when you got pushed into something that you did not want to do but it turned out well . But for my opinion , the bad peer pressure is much more effectively towards the teenagers than the good peer pressure . Bad Peer Pressure Bad peer pressure is when you are being coerced into doing things that you did not want to do just because you friends said you should . It can be leads to experimentation with sex , alcoholic , skipping school , drugs and others high risk behavior . Your friends may had a tendency to think that they know what is the best for you . For example : if you friends offered you a stick of cigarette , you might say NO , but the real problem arises when you friends keep repeatedly asked you for doing something . Alcoholic One of the common peer pressures in school/college/university is alcoholic . I am sure that there are some of the people that sometimes dont feel like drinking , but they do because that is what everyone is doing , this is a negative form of peer pressure . Research shown that alcoholic abuse is one of the biggest problems among schools and colleges . The students usually end up with missing class , damaging property , getting injured and having unprotected sex as a result of abusing in alcohol . Nowadays , statistics shown that unsafe safe , drunk driving , and the sexually transmitted diseases are rising . All these problems are caused by the peer pressure of drinking . Drug addiction Drug addiction is another common peer pressure faced by teenagers . Initially, the teens are not aware about the adversed effect of drug addiction. When they become familiar with the adversed effect, it will be too late. This is a life threatening issues that is quite impossible to resolve. Drug addiction will ruined their futures completely.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ã‚   If teenagers are addicted to drugs , it can negatively impact upon the following: Marriage and relationships Home and family life Education Employment Health Personality Financial issues Unprotected Sex Sex is the common issues faced by the teenagers. Both of the boys and girls are equally affected by the sex problems. In this modern age, people love to have sex in their early age. For most of the boys , they thought that who dont like to make sex in the teenage are considered as weak and dumb, whereas Oral sex is more popular among teens. In oral sex, there is no chance of pregnancy , so that the teenagers dont considered oral sex is wrong.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ã‚   2.2 How to handle the peer pressure ? Choose the good friends that who will share the value of yours . Good friends will use positive peer pressure to help you to be your best self.   Avoid situation where your friends are doing things that you dont want to do.   Think about the reasons for doing things: Is it a good reasons? Are you really being true to yourself ? Practice to say no -always come up with excuses if it is necessary. For example you dont want to get in any troubles, damage your body or mind, or risk blowing Always Talk to your parents or a any adults about the kinds of peer pressure that you are facing and listen to their advices .   Nowadays , Peer pressure is a part of our daily life ,it can be a strong influences during the teenagerss years when peers are important to their identity.Teenagers must learn how to handle the peer pressure, and recognized when it is positive and negative . Lastly , do remember , if there are just one teenager stands up against the peer pressure, usually others will join him / her. Learning to handle peer pressure will gives teenagers more confidence and maturity.

Essay --

Willie Breslau Professor Pollak COML 1109 11/27/13 â€Å"Reluctance† by Robert Frost An extended metaphor of a road, that represents the mans life and journey he has taken, runs throughout Robert Frost’s poem â€Å"Reluctance†. The title and the last line help to break through the metaphor and understand the meaning behind it, as Frost deliberates humans’ hesitation to accept change and the inevitability of a natural end, whether of â€Å"a love or a season†. â€Å"Reluctance,† along with several other Frost poems, focuses on the change of seasons and how the narrator reacts to that change. However, while each narrator of â€Å"Reluctance†, â€Å"Spring Pools†, and â€Å"Nothing Gold can Stay† display different emotions about the seasonal changes they witness, they all display humans hesitation to except change and to hold onto what they have in the present. The sketch that I drew for this poem has a man who looks withered from travel with a long beard and wrinkled skin walking alone on a â€Å"highway†. Behind the narrator, I drew a small globe to represent that he is now returning from his travels around the world and in front of him a small town labeled home. Around the man stands on the highway are trees that have lost most of their leaves and leaves that are being blown on the snow covered ground. Other plants are drawn with fleeting life, as winter seems to be coming if not already here. â€Å"Reluctance’ consists of five stanzas each having six lines. The meter of the poem is tricky. In Frost terms, this poem could be considered to be in loose iambic trimeter, but would be more aptly described as trimeter. One interesting feature of this poems meter is that the last line of each stanza switches from trimeter to dimeter. Each stanza consists of the rhyme sc... ... In all three poems, change is represented as a transition between seasons with the narrator being enthralled by the present and not wanting time to change what they have. In â€Å"Reluctance† the seasons are more than actual seasons as the display a turning point in the narrators where he must decide to embrace change or follow his heart. In â€Å"Spring Pools† and â€Å"Nothing Gold Can Stay† the narrators both emphasize the short-lived beauty of nature because of the change in seasons and want so desperately the delay that change. However, both narrators almost reluctantly come to the conclusion that change can bring more beauty but are worried to lose what they have in the present. Frost’s mastery of poetry, nature, and human behavior are beautifully intertwined in these poems to create powerful messages that will continue to be relevant as mankind struggles to accept change.

Caroline O’Kane Essay

Social class is often judged upon by the following criteria; money, possessions, and ranking. In our society today, so much of our life is focused on social ranking. There are those who actively try to climb the social ladder while there are others simply who seem to be at the highest status. In Westport, it seems that most people are privileged in some way. I’ve grown up being on the soccer team, traveling on vacations to Arizona, the Caribbean, and London, never giving much thought to social class. These activities and gifts are just part of my life. However, over the last few years, I have come to realize that there are people who do not have these privileges. That is when I began noticing different social classes. I am part of the National Charity League, a Mother / Daughter organization formed to do charity work throughout Fairfield County to benefit others who don’t have as much as we do. We make dinner for the Gillespie Center, babysit at Bacharach Houses, homes owned by the town to help educate women with children, and so much more. However, out of all the philanthropies that I have been a part of throughout the years, the most influential experience for me has been tutoring children at the Caroline House in Bridgeport. After traveling a mere 7 exits on I-95 from Westport, one finds Bridgeport, Connecticut, a town so vastly different from Westport yet so close. Houses are packed elbow to elbow, each only spanning one room wide. There are no bright colors painting the houses, if there is any paint at all. A few blocks off the highway is a â€Å"home† called the Caroline House. Children and adults come daily to learn, play, and have a safe haven. With the National Charity League we are given the opportunity to help teach elementary and middle school students. Over the summer I chose to tutor at the Caroline House. Seeing the kids show up at 9 o’clock each and every day ready to learn made me very proud to see young students with such a desire to learn, willing to give up their summer days to read, write, and practice math facts. After a few hours of learning in the morning, there would be snack and a recess break. As Sister Anne, a nun who runs the house, would give goldfish out, all the kids would take them eagerly and eat them as if they hadn’t had a similar bag just the day before. The protection they showed for what was given to them stood out to me after seeing the kids in both the Coleytown and Staples Cafeterias. Westport kids often buy a bag of goldfish  to then leave it on the table, let others take a few, and when they feel satisfied throw away the remains. At Caroline House the kids ate every last fish, knowing their next snack might not be until the same time the next day. During the same snack break, we opened the doors to go outside. The boys run ran around laughing and playing wallwith a ball as the girls played with chalk, making fancy creations of butterflies on the pavement. I clearly remember one girl sitting on the Little Tikes slide she had outgrown. She wore a homemade tie-dye shirt with jean shorts that were one size too big, with her skinny legs hanging out over the side of the slide. Blue, green, and yellow friendship bracelets ran up the length of her arm. Her big brown eyes were burrowed into the crease of her Magic Tree House book, glancing left and right though the words. , â€Å"reading† a Magic Tree House book. Upon walking over and asking what her book was about she replied saying she did not know, but she really wished she knew how to read the text.. This It especially touched me to see seeing a little girl holding a book, that inside of which existed its pages held an entire world that she wanted to join. Throughout my entire elementary school education, I dreaded my 30 minutes of reading each night because I would much rather have been able to gogone outside and to bounce on the trampoline. I am glad my mMom made me stick with reading, often reading with me to help encourage me. RAs reading soon became almost second nature since we, after learn iting at such a young age as we do in the Westport school system., Wwe have fortunately never had to known what it is like not being able to explore the various worlds that books have to offertake us to. I am happy to try and instill the same in the children of Caroline House. After that conversation, I made it my project to teach this girl how to read. I felt compassion for her when she got frustrated, and I also felt proud of her for wanting to learn, especially in an environment where learning is not as much of a priority as it is here. Looking back, today and everyday I am thankful for the strong education values and system along with the unconditional support from my family and teachers. I look back and see a younger version of myself and I don’t think at the time I understood the gift of reading that I was trying to give back to this little girl at the Caroline House. I try to remember each day to be appreciative of everything I have; I now know there is always someone that needs more than I ever will. It makes me realize that the  children at the Caroline House are even lucky compared to others in America, and the world as a whole. This experience has taught me to try my hardest to be as nonjudgmental as I have come to realize that no matter who we are, some of us have more and some of us have less but should that define us as people? The Caroline House in Bridgeport introduced me into a whole new life, that of children, some close to my own age, who lived a life so different than mine and anyone that I know, just 10 short miles up the road. I personally try to remember each day all the privileges we have and often take for granted. The most basic routines in our day to day in life are the things that can change peoples lives in ways that you would never understand unless you stepped into their lives. Despite my fortunate reality that I have grown so used to, I was brought into a world where I was surrounded by different people showing me a different class, making me vigilant to help even in the smallest ways to improve their future. I am grateful for this opportunity because as much as I teach the children of Caroline house, they teach me.

Free Essays on Mandala

I. How are the architectural structures of the Stupas and the paintings of Mandalas related to each other? Mandalas create circular symbolic designs, similar to that of Buddha’s crown, which is the top spire, forming a circle on the Stupa. The hemispherical mound forms a drum shaped base. In addition to this, the head of Buddha forms a square as well as the base of the Stupa. Within the circle of the Mandala, a square is formed that has four T-shaped gate-like entrances leading to the center of the Mandala. This is similar to the four legs of Buddha that form steps of the lower terrace which represent four separate T-shape gate entrances. Each is a circle inscribed in a square. Both the Stupa and Mandala have a Buddha at the center of these creations. Both centers represent the essence, the heart of Buddha. III. Discuss the Paleolithic period to the Neolithic period. What do the existing art works convey about these time periods? The Paleolithic period marked the development of the human species. This era refers to the â€Å"Old Stone Age,† a time period during which the majority of the population was making tools of stone. The people of this time were nomadic and were also hunters and gatherers. A large part of this civilization spent a lot of time in caves where they painted w/ brushes made of animal hair. They finger painted using colors/pigments made by mixing minerals and animal fat, or vegetable oil. An example of art from this period is the Venus of Willenorf. This particular artwork conveys full figured women, representing pregnancy/fertility. This suggests the practice of fertility rituals. The cave painting of animals suggests the practice of hunting. The Neolithic period is known as the â€Å"new Stone Age,† a time when people were living in a more community based environment. They had established villages with farms, and the animals were now domesticated. This period developed pottery, a modest clay pot re... Free Essays on Mandala Free Essays on Mandala I. How are the architectural structures of the Stupas and the paintings of Mandalas related to each other? Mandalas create circular symbolic designs, similar to that of Buddha’s crown, which is the top spire, forming a circle on the Stupa. The hemispherical mound forms a drum shaped base. In addition to this, the head of Buddha forms a square as well as the base of the Stupa. Within the circle of the Mandala, a square is formed that has four T-shaped gate-like entrances leading to the center of the Mandala. This is similar to the four legs of Buddha that form steps of the lower terrace which represent four separate T-shape gate entrances. Each is a circle inscribed in a square. Both the Stupa and Mandala have a Buddha at the center of these creations. Both centers represent the essence, the heart of Buddha. III. Discuss the Paleolithic period to the Neolithic period. What do the existing art works convey about these time periods? The Paleolithic period marked the development of the human species. This era refers to the â€Å"Old Stone Age,† a time period during which the majority of the population was making tools of stone. The people of this time were nomadic and were also hunters and gatherers. A large part of this civilization spent a lot of time in caves where they painted w/ brushes made of animal hair. They finger painted using colors/pigments made by mixing minerals and animal fat, or vegetable oil. An example of art from this period is the Venus of Willenorf. This particular artwork conveys full figured women, representing pregnancy/fertility. This suggests the practice of fertility rituals. The cave painting of animals suggests the practice of hunting. The Neolithic period is known as the â€Å"new Stone Age,† a time when people were living in a more community based environment. They had established villages with farms, and the animals were now domesticated. This period developed pottery, a modest clay pot re...

ERRAZIB essays

ERRAZIB essays After reading Horace Miners article, Body Ritual Among the Nacirema, I wasnt just appalled by the Nacirema's ignorant and unnatural acts, but also shocked to discover that Miner was describing our own culture. Miner simply disguised and fabricated our culture by switching letters around and making our everyday practices seem bizarre. I had to read Miners writing several times before I fully understood his purpose. I am assuming that most of us didnt recognize Miners approach right away because our acts and practices come so natural to us that we dont even notice them ourselves. Speaking for myself, I seriously thought I was learning about a new or perhaps made-up culture. They are three practices that stood out to me in this article, in which, Miner uses our practices of American culture through the practices of the Nacirema. On the first page of the article, I found the first resemblance between American and Nacirema. Miner used Notgnishaw and the fact that he threw a piece of wampum across the river Pa - to - Mac and chopped down a cherry tree to describe our first president, Washington. Miner spelled Washingtons name backwards and disguised the Potomac (Pa - to Mac) River, along with other clues to confuse us. Miner also goes as far as our bathroom to show us how strange and unnatural we are. He uses the word shrine to describe bathroom, in which, everything in that room is kept private and secret. Meaning everything done in that room is mostly done by ourselves and that children will be potty trained and will later uncover these mysterious processes. My favorite comparison between American and Nacirema is the way Miner brings out our dental check-ups. It was interesting on how he describes our toothbrush as the hog hair placed into our mouth, and toothpaste ...

Consumer behavior about target-based internet market in China Dissertation

Consumer behavior about target-based internet market in China - Dissertation Example eople’s Republic of China Theoretical Background 11 Chapter Three: Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 31 Chapter Four: Results and Discussions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 48 Chapter Five: Conclusions and Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 72 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 79 Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 85 Abstract This research focuses on the determination of the behavi ors of consumers to target-based internet markets. The researcher focuses on the use of the said target-based internet markets as well as the perceptions of the consumers in the People’s Republic of China. In order to determine the same, this study used a purposive sample of 142 consumers. In ascertaining the perceptions of the China-based customers with respect to target based internet marketing, the results pointed out that this type of marketing has been preferred by the respondents because of the following factors: (1) its capacity to ensure that the online activities of the users and the consumers do not suffer from intrusion; (2) it has the capacity to appeal to the senses in a more effective manner; (3) marketers may customize the advertisements depending on the needs of the target population; (4) marketers may control the amount of junk mail associated thereto; and lastly, the efficient use of models. Unfortunately, the responses of the participants revealed mere neut rality with respect to the issue of privacy. This, however, means that the marketers must effectively address the issue of privacy in order to ensure that they properly influence the behavior of the consumers. Nevertheless, the overall preference for the marketing approach and behavioural intentions related to the approach has been rated positively signifying that indeed, the Chinese customers have high regard for target-based internet marketing. Moreover, the study found that target-based internet marketing has been merely confined as regards the factor that influence it, traditional marketing has been approved of only in terms of use of models. The rest of the factors were assessed neutrally. Finally, the independent variables that were found to positively and significantly predict behavioural intentions are customization and use of models. Recommendations for the improvement of target-based marketing are put forth. Chapter 1: Introduction Background of the Study The twenty-first century noticed a remarkable increase in terms of the usage of the internet. Undoubtedly, the increase in its usage has tremendously affected society (Kuratko and Hodgetts 2008). For instance, traditional societies who once gave paramount importance to the knowledge of their revered and respected elders do not rely on the as tons of information has been available online. In fact, the influence of the internet has even caused breakdowns within their societies (Charlesworth 2009; Lee 2001; Roldan 2001). Aside from this, the increase in the usage of the internet has likewise affected the commercial latter organisations and their businesses. Literature written with respect to the topic at hand clearly shows that the businesses’ use of the internet

Rise of the New Right in the 1970s and 1980s Essay

Rise of the New Right in the 1970s and 1980s - Essay Example Johnson, galvanized the formation of a new political movement. In elite think-tanks and local community organizations alike, new policies, marketing strategies, and electoral strategies were crafted over the succeeding details. The New Right succeeded in building a policy approach and electoral apparatus that propelled Ronald Reagan into the White House in the 1980 presidential election. The American New Right is distinct from and opposed to the more moderate tradition of the so-called Rockefeller Republicans. The New Right also differs from the Old Right on issues concerning foreign policy with the New Right being opposed to the non-interventionism of the Old Right" (Kotlowitz, 1999). There are many different issues within the New Right that are relevant and significant, and the aim of this paper is to address and discuss the social, political and economic conditions that contributed to the actual rise of the New Right in the 1970s and 1980s. By doing this, we will be able to gain a much more informed and knowledgeable understanding on the subject matter at hand overall, particularly in regards to the important matter of the rise of the New Right in the United States. This is what will be dissertated in the following. There were really a number of different factors which contributed to the rise of the New Right in the 1970s and 1980s, and since the 1980... In order to be able to truly and properly characterize such an incredible shift primarily in terms of the conspiratorial maneuvering of an otherwise tightly kept and organized New Right seems relatively tempting, however still rather simplistic at the same time, considering the fact that there is a certain pervasiveness to the rightward pull. After all, if we really think about it and properly consider all of the present facts, what we are seeing in regards to this matter is not just that of a well-orchestrated right-wing offensive, but as well it is actually the demise of the liberal state overall, and not only that but some of its more progressive ideas as well. This includes some of the most major and significant progressive ideas of all, such as equality, individual freedom, and social welfare needs, for example. Clearly then the New Right is not at all alone in regards to the abandoning of liberalism, and in fact the dogma which refers to the issue of how social programs, particularly those for the poorer people, tend to represent a certain intrusiveness by the state and are really emanated from the Moral Majority, for the most part. It also must be known that the evidence which has been shown, especially over recent years in particular, is truly unimpeachable, and that "the political right in America no longer stands for individual rights, limited government and capitalism. The 'rightists' now advocate expanding the welfare state, increasing government intrusion into our intimate private affairs, and sacrificing American lives to foreign paupers. They call it 'advancing the cause of freedom'" (Kotlowitz, 1999). In other words, one of the most major and significant aspects which contributed to the rise of the New Right is