Why Is It That Europe Colonized Africa and Asia - 2901 Words

Reasons why Europe Colonized Asia and Africa and not the Other Way Round Student’s Name: Institutional affiliation: Colonization is the governing influence, control or acquiring partial or full political control past another country, occupying it with foreign settlers and manipulating it economically. It also is when a group or society of people migrates from one area to another but keep their original homeland language and culture. Colonialism is establishment and preservation for a lengthy period, of rule over foreign people that are independent from and subordinate to a power ruling. Colonialism takes a variety of forms. There are three basic variations namely; I. Internal colonialism II. External†¦show more content†¦Though there is no one distinct definitive answer to the question above but rather, it can be presumed that a combination of various aspects prominently featured in the process of decision making of the Europeans responsible for colonization of Asian and African continents. At one point, Europe increasingly became involved in Africa and Asia. First and foremost, Europe experienced a revival of Christianity in the 19th century. Christian missionaries started focusing on the larger working class with the main objective of bringing salvation and spirituality to the laborers and their families. The bible was now openly made available to the laborers. Due to their great success, the missionaries started to look beyond the borders of Europe. Missions were then established all over Africa and the Pacific. Although missionaries did not serve directly as agents of European colonization and imperialism, but they drew and brought the European governments deeper into Asia and Africa (Verlinden, 1970). In their unlimited quest and efforts to preach the good news of Christianity, to deeply ingrain monogamy in the African societies, to bring the western style of education to Asia and Africa, the missionaries more that often times felt threatened by the state of warfare in Africa. Thence, forthwith, missionaries called out to the EuropeanShow MoreRelatedBrionna Johnson. Mr. T.Kemiksizgil, Period 4. Mrs. K. Prinzo,1310 Words   |  6 PagesImperialism Good for Colonized Countries? Imagine you re in the 1700s and live in South Africa or another colonized country. You’ve gotten used to the new lifestyle, but then the Europeans come in and force imperialism onto you and your country. Being obliged to do something is what happened in South Africa. South Africa got colonized by Britain in 1795. 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Britain has had a profound effect on the development both economically and culturally of it’s former African colonies, and a sort of legacy of their presence still lives on in some facets of the culture of these formerly colonized peoples, such as the distribution of population, distribution of wealth, popular religion, and formal education. History â€Å"The Scramble for Africa† wasRead MoreWhy Did The Muslim World?1162 Words   |  5 PagesPortugal, Germany, Britain, and the Netherlands started exploring for new lands and colonizing them. Driven for power, trade, or expansion, many European powers colonized the New World. Yet when looking at the Muslim contemporaries, the Ottoman, Persian and Mughal Empires did not set sail for new land like their Western counterparts. Why did the Muslim world not partake in exploration and colonization of the New World, despite having equivalent wealth and technology? Factors limiting the Ottoman

How The Hundred Years War Greatly Impacted The Course Of...

The hundred years war greatly impacted the course of world history. This war was marked as one of the biggest wars ever fought in history. Dated to go from 1337 to 1453, this war led to new weapons being created, which not only played a major role in this war, but in all of world history. The creation of these new weapons led to the end of an economic system known as Feudalism. The war also was a cause of religious conflicts in the Catholic church. Another major event that had happened during this war was the Black Plague striking the Middle East. The Hundred Years War began when Edward III, of England, assumed the right as king of France from King Philip VI. King Philip VI had not gone through with an agreement he had made with England to restore a part of Guienne, which had been taken by Charles IV. The French did not believe that an Englishmen should be ruling France, but rather wanted a French noble ruling France (Hundred Years War). 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Capital One Bank Evaluation Free Essays

Bank Performance Evaluation Project Capital One Bank Capital One Financial Corporation’s headquarters is in McLean, Virginia and in the Federal Reserve district five, The Federal Reserve of Richmond, Virginia. It is number 89 in peer group one with their consolidated assets of over $300 million. Peer group one banks are institutions that have equal to or greater than $10 million in consolidated assets. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital One Bank Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Capital One Bank specializes in credit cards, home loans, auto loans, while providing banking and savings products. They are a Fortune 500 company and have paved the way for mass credit card marketing in the 1990’s. Since its inception in 1988, Capital One has acquired numerous smaller banks and has kept growing to become one of the most well know bank holding companies in the United States. Unfortunately in November 2008, Capital One Bank suffered devastating losses and received $3. 5 billion bail-out funds from the Federal Emergency Economic Stabilization Act. But by mid 2009, Capital One Bank had bought back over 3. 5 million of their preferred stock shares from the United States Treasury. Although Capital One Bank has experienced some economic hardships in the recent past, it seems to be holding steady after the wake of the 2008 financial system meltdown. If we take a close look at this bank’s performance report, we can find some interesting information about their biggest asset components. For Capital One’s assets their percentage for loans to individuals is relatively high, 36. 77 percent compared to that of the peer group average of 4. 98 percent. This is indicative of a company that produces a large number of loans to individuals in the form of real estate, auto, and credit cards. This also indicates that this bank is interested in making profits from interest on loans. Real estate loans for this company are high with 22. 26 percent compared to the peer group average of 32. 89 percent. Although this bank dabbles in commercial banking, it keeps its commercial and industrial loans to a minimum in comparison to its other peer one counterparts. There are a few areas where Capital one shows virtually no interest such as; agricultural loans, investments in mutual funds and equity securities, and fed funds sold and reverse repos which are purchased under an agreement to resell. Federal funds sold are used for overnight funds that â€Å"keep balances on deposits at Federal Reserve Banks for purposes of clearing daily checks and deposits†(Olsen Research Associates). A reason Capital One Bank does not use this practice may be because it does not want to risk losing assets in the event that the borrowing bank defaults. Because Fed Funds Contracts are not secured they are always subject to loss if the borrowing bank defaults (Olsen Research Associates). Capital One Bank has relatively average percentages of debt securities of less than or more than one year. A debt security can be bought or sold between two parties, has defined amounts, rates, and maturities. As a whole, debt securities are relatively safer than equity securities because they have a principal amount that is returned to the lender at a specified maturity date. Moving on to the liquidity and funding of Capital One Bank, the core deposits are above those of other peer banks at 64. 84 percent compared to 55. 17 percent. Core deposits are comprised of demand deposits, deposit accounts that are subject to negotiable orders of withdrawal or automatic transfer from the savings accounts. This section also includes time deposits of less than $100,000, money market deposit accounts, other savings accounts, and other non-interest bearing deposit balances. Banks count on core deposits to fund loans while offering advantages â€Å"such as predictable costs and a measurement of the degree of customer loyalty† (Core Deposits). Core deposits are less vulnerable to short-term changes in the interest rates than CD’s or money market accounts (Core Deposits). The net loans and leases percentages of Capital One Bank are high as well compared to their competing banks. This is due to the high number of loans this bank awards to individuals in the form of mortgages, car loans, personal loans, and credit cards. Credit card loans blow the competition out of the water with an extremely high 40. 9 percent compared to peer group one’s average of 2. 41 percent. The liquid assets of Capital One are slightly lower in comparison to their peers by about 10 percentage point; this is another indicator that this bank produces numerous loans and has its assets â€Å"tied† up. Turning the attention to the relative income statement and marginal analysis portion of the report will describe the key components of earnings relative to average assets, margin analysis ratios, the yields or returns of specific assets, and the cost of funds. The report shows that Capital One’s main source of income is interest income including; high interest income equaling a higher net interest income. Adjusted operating income, which is net interest income plus non-interest income, for Capital One Bank is 7. 45 percent to the peer group average of 4. 74. This is almost twice the amount of income from interest over its competitors. After accounting for operating expenses and realized gains and losses, the company has a pretax net income of 1. 82 percent and a net operating income of 1. 38 percent. The company’s interest expenses are insignificantly higher than those of its peers. Capital One has made provisions for loan and lease losses which are monies set aside for default loans. These provisions are greater than the competitors by 1. 25 percent and represent the bank’s desire to survive if loans default. Looking at the margin analysis portion of this section, you can note that the net interest income to average earning assets is twice as high as its competitors in peer group one at 6. 49 percent. It is safe to say that Capital One Bank receives the majority of its income from interest. â€Å"Capitalization is the long-term funding that allows a business firm to operate. It is the investment that the business owner and any other investors make in the firm. It is a financial term which refers to the sum of the stockholder’s equity of the firm and the firm’s long-term debt, such as bonds or mortgages† (Peavler). Capitalization is also a measurement of business value based on the share price and number of shares outstanding. This is generally the market’s representation of the company’s value (Ycharts). For Capital One Bank, there capitalization is relatively similar to its counterparts. Equity capital to total asset ratio for Capital one is 13. 13 percent while the average for peer group one is 11. 30 and does not represent a substantial difference. Although Capital One Financial has seen its ups and downs over the past few years, it reports their â€Å"third quarter net income jumped 47 percent versus the prior year quarter†. This increase in profits is credited to the acquisition of ING Direct a financial institution of Dutch origin offering banking, insurance, and asset management services, and HSBC’s United States card business (Associated Press). Net income increased $357 million from this time last year and price per share went from $1. 77 to $2. 01, a 24 cent increase (Associated Press). Revenues also soared 39 percent to $5. 78 billion. Capital One Financial reports that it expects consumer demand to slow down soon, but they are prepared for what the future holds. ————————————————- Top of FormDec 10, 2012 12:17 p. m. ET| COF (Common Stock) | Exchange:NYSE (US Dollar)| Last Trade| $57. 77| Change| + 0. 70| | | | % Change| 1. 23%| | Volume| 1,167,465| Intraday High| $57. 80| | Open| $56. 91| Intraday Low| $56. 78| | Minimum 20 minute delay Bottom of Form| | (Capital One: Stock Quote and Chart) Works Cited Associated Press. â€Å"News Summary:Capital One Posts Higher 3Q Profit. † Bloomberg Businessweek News. 18 2012: n. page. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. http://www. businessweek. com/ap/2012-10-18/news-summary-capital-one-posts-higher-3q-profit. â€Å"Capital One Financial Corporation Market Cap. Ycharts. N. p. , 06 2012. Web. 6 Dec 2012. http://ycharts. com/companies/COF/market_cap. â€Å"Core Deposits. † Investopedia US. United States: 2012. http://www. investopedia. com/terms/c/core-deposits. asp Olsen Research Accociates, . â€Å"Term Federal Funds Sold. † BANKdynamics. Olsen Research Associates, Inc. , 07 2007. Web. Web. 1 Dec. 2012. http://blogs. olsonresearch. com/bankdynamics/2007/09/term-federal-fu. html. Peavler, Rosemary. â€Å"Business Finance. † Business Finance. n. page. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. http://bizfinance. about. com/od/glossaryoffinanceterms/g/Capitalizatio How to cite Capital One Bank Evaluation, Essay examples

Diploma in Business Management Formal Management

Question: Discuss the Case Study for Diploma in Business Management of Formal Management. Answer: 1: Basis of Distinction Formal meeting Informal meeting Semi formal meeting Definition A formal meeting is a pre-planned event that includes a meeting between individuals in a specific manner, following the specific rules and regulations to achieve a specified goals and objectives. An informal meeting is not a planned meeting and does and is more casual in nature. A semi formal meeting could imply a get together or a casual meeting that can occur at workplace for discussing managerial issues. Formal Agenda A formal meeting will have a formal agenda. An informal might have an agenda but not a formal agenda A semi formal meeting might have a formal agenda or might not have a formal agenda Board Meeting A formal meeting includes board meeting. An informal meeting does not comprise of board meetings. A semi formal meeting does not include board meetings Freedom of thought There is no freedom of thought in a formal meeting There is complete freedom of thought in a formal meeting There might be restriction on the freedom of thoughts in a semi-formal meeting. Formal requirements There are formal requirements in a board meeting, which is accompanied by an agenda. There are no formal requirements in a meeting. There could be formal or here could be no formal requirements in a semi formal meeting. Place Formal meetings are held in a formal location, which is decided beforehand. Informal meetings can take place anywhere and in informal places like coffee shop or a restaurant. Semi formal meeting does not require formal locations and places. (b) Purpose of the meetings Formal meetings The purpose of formal meetings is to discuss a set of predetermined objectives and goals that is intended to be discussed. The purpose of these meetings is to address a set of objectives for a company and make critical decisions regarding them. The purpose is to formulate critical strategies regarding the operations of the business. Formal meetings are also conducted to increase transparency in the operations and also fix accountability and responsibilities. These meetings also allow necessary discussions and consultations to be made regarding operations and strategies in the company. It is important so that the employees of the companies are able to understand the central goals and objectives of the company. This would make the employees aware of their roles and duties in the organizations. Informal meeting The purpose of informal meeting is to discuss matters, which would not have been suitable in a formal matter. It aims to infuse more casual approach in a meeting. These meetings are held when more freedom of thoughts and speech is needed from the speaker to discuss certain informal meetings regarding workplace. It gives the speaker some degree of flexibility regarding speech and the topics that can be discussed. Such meetings aim to make the speaker feel more at ease compared to what it would have been in a formal meeting. It helps to get the opinions and views of the speaker with more clarity and transparency. It helps to discuss business ideas and communicate better regarding projects of the business. It helps in relaying information within an organization. Semi-formal meeting Semi-formal meeting is intended on discussing critical issues of the company but in a semi formal tone. Parties involved in a meeting The chairman/chairwoman is involved in a meeting. Chairman/chairwoman is the person who is in charge of conducting a meeting and the company. The chairman or chairwoman is the supreme authority in a meeting. A secretary has to be present in a meeting. A secretary is in charge of writing letters and keeping records of meeting. A convener has to attend these meetings. A convener is a person who organizes a meeting. Contingents have to attend these meetings. Contingents refer to a group of people who represent an organization. Delegates have to be present in a meeting. Delegates are those who represent another group in a discussion. Moderators also have to be present in a meeting. Moderators are vested with the responsibility of being in charge of people in meetings and during discussions. Discussion groups attend meetings in a workplace to frequently discuss on operations and business projects. 2. Difference between general meeting and annual general meeting Basis of Distinction General Meeting Annual General Meeting Frequency General meetings can be held on any subject and at any time. Annual General Meeting is held once a year. Agenda The agenda for the general meeting is nothing special as compared to an annual general meeting. Annual General meeting has a preplanned and special agenda for the meeting Parties involved in the meeting General meeting involves only the employees and the management of a company. Annual general meeting involves all the stakeholders of the company. Necessity It is not necessary to hold a general meeting. It is held only if it is necessary for the business of the company. It is compulsory to hold an annual general meeting every financial year. 3. Meeting Requirements: Proprietary Company A proprietary company is not obligated under law to hold any public meetings. As a result, there are no specific meeting requirements of the company. It is entirely dependent on the owners and the plans of the owners. Public Company One of the meeting requirements of a public limited company is that the quorum of the meetings should be one-third of the total strength of the meeting. A public limited company must hold a meeting within six months from the year end. Any manager or director can call for a meeting in public limited company. The minimum number of days to give the notice for the meeting is 14 days and the maximum number of days for the notice is 21 days. The notice must be submitted to a manager and the approval of the manager must be included. The directors can call for a general meeting whenever they think it is necessary. The request for the meeting must include the nature of the business and the text of the resolution. If the meeting has a proposed resolution, then it is important resolution is included in the notice as well. The notice must include the date, time and place of the meeting. The notice must be sent to every member, director and those representing the company. Taking minutes of a meet ing is a legal requirement of meeting. Listed company One of the major requirements for holding meetings of a listed company is that is that it should be listed on the stock exchange. The notice of annual general meeting needs to be sent to the shareholders within 20 day prior to the meeting. 4. Terms Chairperson Chairperson is the chief person who presides over a meeting. A chairperson chairs the meeting. Secretary A secretary is the guardian of a meeting who makes all the arrangement and organizes a meeting and maintains all documents and minutes of a meeting. Treasurer A person responsible for taking care and maintaining the treasury of an organization is called the treasurer of the organization. Abstention The act of abstaining and refraining to vote against a motion or a proposal is called abstention. Adjournment The act of cessation or postponement of a proceeding is called adjournment. Agenda Agenda refers to a list of activities that is supposed to be taken in a meeting in sequential order. Motion Motion refers to a formal step, which is taken to present a matter for consideration in a meeting. Casting Vote Casting vote refers to the extra vote that is given by the chairperson when the vote given by the groups regarding a motion are equal. Proxy A proxy refers to someone who attends a general meeting and votes on behalf of a member of the company. Tabled Tabled refers to the members who are formally present for a discussion in a meeting. 5. Estimation of cost Particulars Amount Room Hire $1,000 Catering cost Morning Tea $2.50 Lunch $7 Afternoon Tea $2.50 Equipment Hire: Overhead Projector $30 Electronic $20 Whiteboard Data projector $25 Total Cost $1,087 6. Documents required for a meeting While organizing and managing a meeting, notice and agenda are the documents that are required to conduct a meeting. Notice Notice is the document that is supposed to be distributed to the managers, directors, and all the members of the company. It is a notification regarding a meeting to all the members of the company. It should state the name of the organization. It should inform about the date, time and place of the meeting. It should state the purpose of the meeting. It should include the signature of the secretary. It should be given to all the members of the company. It should be given well in advance. Seven days notice must be given to hold formal meeting. Agenda Agenda refers to a document that contains the list of items that is supposed to be discussed in the meeting. It is a map of the business. The list to be discussed in the meeting is decided after consultation with the chairperson and after getting the approval with the chairperson. Minutes Another document that is required to be prepared after a meeting is minutes. Minutes contain all the details that occur in a meeting. The minutes include details of the discussions and proceedings in a meeting. It includes all the intricate details of the meeting. The minutes should shed light on the name of the organization, date, time, place of the organization, name of the chairperson and secretary, number of members present and absent. The resolution and the recommendations made at the meeting should be included in the minutes. Secretary The person who is responsible for preparing the notice, agenda and the minutes is the secretary of a company. The secretary is vested with responsibility of sending the notice and agenda to the members of the company. The secretary is responsible of preparing the minutes of a meeting. Timeline for documentation The notice should be minimum 14 days prior to the meeting and maximum 21 days prior to the meeting. The agenda is drafted along with the notice. The minutes should be drafted within 30 days from the date of the meeting. 7. Skills and expertise required for managing meetings are: Preparing the agenda list in advance and with careful consideration The objectives and the aims for conducting a meeting should not be vague and ambiguous. There should be clear agendas and purpose for a meeting. As such, it is important that the agenda should be prepared in advance and beforehand. The topics that need to be discussed should be prepared in advance and the agenda list need to be distributed to the members of the company in advance. Check the attendance list It is important that the attendance list is reviewed and checked before the meeting. It helps to know of the people that would be available for the meeting. Keep Track of time It is important that time is managed in a meeting. Time management helps to keep the meeting organized and systematic. It avoids the meeting from getting chaotic and long. Discuss important points and decisions that would be discussed in the meeting It is important that important points and decisions that are part of the agenda list be discussed beforehand with members of the company. Follow up on the minutes It is important that the minutes are carefully analyzed and scrutinized. Following up on the meeting is an essential requirement for management of meeting. Listening to the arguments for and against a motion It is important that the various arguments for and against a motion is carefully heard and understand. Giving the speakers equal chance to speak helps to coordinate and carry out the meeting without any hassle and chaos. Legal or ethical issues There are certain legal and ethical issues that need to be considered while conducting a meeting. Some of these are: The notice period is not signed by the authorized person The minutes is not being duly drafted and signed by the concerned authority within 30 days. The opinions and views presented in a meeting are not signed by the authentic person. This could create issues with intellectual property. The notice of the meeting is not provided to all the members of the company beforehand. Having a biased opinion towards certain speaker and members present in the meeting. How to manage time constraints and conflicts within a meeting? Proper preparation of policies and guidelines will be critical in maintaining time constraints. There should be clear instructions and guidelines to be mentioned on the timings of the meetings. Careful stress need to be made on punctuality and fines should be made on the non-compliance with guidelines and rules. There has to be careful steps and approach that needs to be taken while handling conflicts within a meeting. Ethical practices need to be followed and fair and just approach need to be adopted. During conflicts, it is important that equal chances are given to the members in a meeting. There should be clear policies and guidelines need to be made regarding conflict solving. 8. There are certain tasks that can be delegated to other staff members. Some of these tasks are: Making seating arrangement The job of making proper seating arrangement for the members of the meeting can be allocated to other staff members of the company. It helps in diffusing the responsibility and workload on the managers. Making proper arrangement of refreshments The job of making proper arrangement of refreshment for the members of the meetings can be allocated to subordinates of the company. Choosing the venue of the meeting The job of choosing the venue of the meeting can be passed on to other members of the company. It helps in distribution of work and workload among different members. It helps in delegation of authority and responsibility. Arranging the infrastructure of the meetings The job of arranging the infrastructure of the meetings like arrangement of data projector, electronic whiteboard etc can be passed on different member of the company. Such delegation of tasks helps in fixing responsibility and authority. It induces division of labor. It helps the burden of workload to be diffused among different members. The critical members can focus on other strategic and important matters. It will help in achieving the goals and objectives of the meetings. 9. Agenda Coco Knight Clothing Company Smithtown, Victoria Agenda To discuss methods to maximize sales for the company To acquire new car for business purposes To establish business ties with Italian fabric wholesalers To discuss on the travel expenditure of the company To discuss the hiring process of recruiters of the company To implement new OHS procedure To discuss the staff performance appraisal methods 10. The role of a minute taker is to take details and information of a minute during a meeting. A minute taker has to record and take note of the minute of the meeting. A minute taker has to actively participate in the meeting and take note of intricate details of the meeting. The roles and duties of the minute taker are: Take note of the discussions and details of the meeting. Writing the notes in a standard format and making sure that the communication of these notes does not create confusion. The minutes are distributed to all important people by the minute taker The copy of the minute is filed for future reference by a minute taker. The interaction of a minute taker before a meeting is with the managers regarding the purpose and agenda of the meeting. During the meeting, the minute taker has to interact with the different members present in the meeting and after the meeting, a minute taker has to communicate the minutes of the meeting with the members of the supply, shareholders and other stakeholders of the company. 2. NMC Party Supplies Minutes of Meeting dated 15th July Place and Time of the Meeting 9, Dryburg Street, West Melbourne, Victoria on 15th July at 10:30 am Roll Call Members present: Keith Regan(chair) Marvin Patheson(deputy chair) Ricky Martin Rafael Nadal Carrie Bickmore Maria Sharapova Marco White Members Absent Brad Pitt Minutes of previous meeting held in June. discussed The name of the guest speaker was rectified o Robinson from Robertson. The minutes were then accepted DEF Secretary 4. Interacting with other members of the meeting More stress will be made the on the environment of the meeting. Stress and focus will be given on the fact that the meeting is held in a peaceful and comfortable place. Healthy discussions need to be done and equal opportunities need to be provided to the members to let them have an equal say in the meetings. Proper utilization of interpersonal skills needs to be done so that the communication is one properly and smoothly and no conflict takes palce. Utilizing the meeting agenda Efficient and effective discussion needs to be made on the agenda of the meetings. The motions and proposals in the meeting will be discussed properly and equal opportunities will be provided to the members of the meeting to let every have an equal. The point of views and opinions can be obtained and the discussion can be strong and rational and it will help in achieving the purpose of the meeting. The members will be allowed to speak in a hierarchal order and equal opportunities will be provided to the members to allow them to have an equal say and induce proper problem solving opportunities. Overall management of the meeting The minute taker will be given proper idea and knowledge about the responsibilities and duties that the minute taker has to discharge. It will make the proceedings in the meeting smoother. The minutes need to be taken from the minute taker so the overall management of the meeting is done properly. This will allow in effective following up on the meeting. Properly management of time and elimination of hindrances in the meeting like noise, and conflicting thoughts, and ethical practice will help to conduct the meeting without any issues and hindrances. The attendance list will be properly reviewed. The chair of the meeting will be done according to organizational structure and policies. The copy of the minutes will be distributed to relevant members of the meetings.